Ecosystem services include a wide range of goods and services that are generated, usually free of charge, by the Earth’s physical and biological functioning systems. These ecosystem services can be divided into the following categories: 1) Provisioning, 2) Regulating, 3) Cultural, and 4) Supporting. For more on how EcoShift can help you understand your positive and negative impacts on ecosystem services, have a look at our Technical Services page.
Provisioning Services
Food
Fiber
Fuel
Genetic resources
Biochemicals, natural medicines, and pharmaceuticals
Ornamental resources
Fresh water
Regulating Services
Air quality regulation
Climate regulation
Water regulation
Erosion regulation
Water purification and waste treatment
Disease regulation
Pest regulation
Pollination
Natural hazard regulation
Cultural Services
Cultural diversity
Spiritual and religious values
Knowledge systems (traditional and formal)
Educational values
Inspiration
Aesthetic values
Social relations
Sense of place
Cultural heritage values
Recreation and ecotourism
Supporting Services
Soil Formation
Photosynthesis
Primary production
Nutrient cycling
Water cycling
